Consultant
R. Cole
JHU/APL
D. Romascanu
Avaya
August 2005
Definition of Managed Objects for Synthetic Sources for
Performance Monitoring Algorithms
Status of This Memo
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This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Copyright Notice
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Copyright © The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
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This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it describes objects for configuring Synthetic Sources for Performance Monitoring (SSPM) algorithms.
Table of Contents
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1. Introduction ....................................................2 2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework ......................2 3. Overview ........................................................3 3.1. Terms ......................................................3 4. Relationship to Other MIB modules ...............................4 5. Relationship to Other Work ......................................4 5.1. IPPM .......................................................4 5.2. DISMAN .....................................................5 5.3. RMON .......................................................6 5.4. ApplMIB ....................................................6 5.5. SNMPCONF ...................................................7 5.6. RTFM .......................................................8 5.7. Relationship to Other Work: Summary ........................8 6. MIB Structure ...................................................9 6.1. General Information .......................................10 6.2. Source Configuration ......................................10 6.3. Sink Configuration ........................................10 7. Definitions ....................................................10 8. Security Considerations ........................................32 9. Acknowledgements ...............................................34 10. Normative References ..........................................34 11. Informative References ........................................36
1. Introduction
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This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
In particular, it defines a method of describing Synthetic Sources for Performance Monitoring (SSPM). This is useful within the Remote Monitoring (RMON) framework [RFC3577] for performance monitoring in the cases where it is desirable to inject packets into the network for the purpose of monitoring their performance with the other MIBs in that framework.
This memo also includes a MIB module.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
2. The Internet-Standard Management Framework
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For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed the Management Information Base or MIB. MIB objects are generally accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the Structure of Management Information (SMI). This memo specifies a MIB module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58, RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580 [RFC2580].
3. Overview
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This document defines a MIB module for the purpose of remotely controlling synthetic sources (or 'active' probes) and sinks in order to enhance remote performance monitoring capabilities within IP networks and services. Much work within the IETF exists related to performance monitoring. One interesting aspect of this body of work is that it does not explicitly define an 'active' probe capability. An active probe capability is complimentary to existing capabilities, and this MIB module is developed to fill this void.
3.1. Terms
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The following definitions apply throughout this document:
- 'Performance monitoring' is the act of monitoring traffic for the purpose of evaluating a statistic of a metric related to the performance of the system. A performance monitoring system is comprised of a) traffic generators, b) measurement, c) data reduction, and d) reporting. The traffic generators may be natural sources, synthetic sources, or intrusive sources.
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o A 'synthetic source' is a device or an embedded software program that generates a data packet (or packets) and injects it (or them) onto the path to a corresponding probe or existing server solely in support of a performance monitoring function. A synthetic source may talk intrusively to existing application servers.
The design goals for this MIB module are:
- Complementing the overall performance management architecture being defined within the RMONMIB WG; refer to the RMONMIB framework document [RFC3577]. This MIB module is defined within the context of the APM-MIB [RFC3729].
- Extensibility: the MIB module should be easily extended to include a greater set of protocols and applications for performance monitoring purposes.
- Flexibility: the module should support both round-trip and one- way measurements.
- Security: the control of the source and sink of traffic is handled by a management application, and communication is recommended via SNMPv3.
This document is organized as follows. The next section discusses the relationship of this MIB module to others from the RMONMIB and Distributed Management (DISMAN) working groups. Then the structure of the MIB module is discussed. Finally, the MIB module definitions are given.
4. Relationship to Other MIB modules
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This MIB module is designed to be used in conjunction with the RMON MIB Working Group's two other MIB modules for application performance measurement: Application Performance Measurement MIB [RFC3729] and Transport Performance Metrics MIB [RFC4150]. These MIB modules define reporting capabilities for that framework. The intent of this MIB module is to define a method for injecting packets into the network utilizing probe capabilities defined in the base MIB modules and measured with the reporting MIB modules. Other reporting MIB modules may be used as well.
Specifically, this MIB module uses the AppLocalIndex as defined in the APM-MIB to map measurement configuration information to definition and reporting structures defined in the APM-MIB.
5. Relationship to Other Work
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Much work has already been done within the IETF that has a direct bearing on the development of active performance probe definitions. This body of work has been addressed in various working groups over the years. In this section, we focus on the work of a) the IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) working group, b) the DISMAN working group, c) the RMON working group, d) the Application MIB (ApplMIB) working group, and e) the Realtime Traffic Flow Measurement (RTFM) working group.
5.1. IPPM
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The IPPM working group has defined in detail a set of performance metrics, sampling techniques, and associated statistics for transport-level or connectivity-level measurements. The IPPM framework document [RFC2330] discusses numerous issues concerning sampling techniques, clock accuracy, resolution and skew, wire time versus host time, error analysis, etc. Many of these are considerations for configuration and implementation issues discussed below. The IPPM working group has defined several metrics and their associated statistics, including
+ a connectivity metric [RFC2678], + one-way delay metric [RFC2679], + one-way loss metric [RFC2680], + round-trip delay and loss metrics [RFC2681], + delay variation metric [RFC3393],
- a streaming media metric [RFC3432],
+ a throughput metric [EBT] and [TBT], and
- others are under development.
These (or a subset) could form the basis for a set of active, connectivity-level, probe types designed for monitoring the quality of transport services. A consideration of some of these metrics may form a set of work activities and a set of early deliverables for a group developing an active probe capability.
During the early development of the SSPM-MIB, it became apparent that a one-way measurement protocol was required in order for the SSPM-MIB to control a one-way measurement. This led to the current work with the IPPM WG on the development of the One-Way Measurement Protocol (OWDP) [ODP]. This work includes both the measurement protocol itself, as well as the development of a separate control protocol. This later control protocol is redundant with the current work on the SSPM-MIB. The SSPM-MIB could be used as an alternative to the one- way delay control protocol.
5.2. DISMAN
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The DISMAN working group has defined a set of 'active' tools for remote management. Of relevance to this document are:
- the pingMIB [RFC2925],
- the DNS Lookup MIB [RFC2925],
- the tracerouteMIB [RFC2925],
+ the scriptMIB [RFC3165], and
- the expressionMIB [RFC2982].
The pingMIB and tracerouteMIB define an active probe capability, primarily for the remote determination of path and path connectivity. There are some performance-related metrics collected from the pingMIB, and one could conceivably use these measurements for the evaluation of a limited set of performance statistics. But there is a fundamental difference between determining connectivity and determining the quality of that connectivity. However, in the context of performance monitoring, a fault can be viewed as not performing at all. Therefore, both should be monitored with the same probes to reduce network traffic.
The DNS Lookup MIB also includes some probe-like capabilities and performance time measurements for the DNS lookup. This could be used to suggest details of a related session-level, active probe.
The scriptMIB allows a network management application to distribute and manage scripts to remote devices. Conceivably, these scripts could be designed to run a set of active probe monitors on remote devices.
5.3. RMON
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The RMON working group has developed an extensive, passive monitoring capability defined in RFC 2819 [RFC2819] and RFC 2021 [RFC2021] as well as additional MIB modules. Initially, the monitors collected statistics at the MAC layer, but the capability has now been extended to higher-layer statistics. Higher-layer statistics are identified through the definition of a Protocol Directory [RFC2021]. See the RMONMIB framework document [RFC3577] for an overview of the RMONMIB capabilities.
Within this context, the development of an active traffic source for performance monitoring fits well within the overall performance monitoring architecture being defined within the RMON WG.
5.4. ApplMIB
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The ApplMIB working group defined a series of MIB modules that monitor various aspects of applications, processes, and services.
The System Application MIB [RFC2287] describes a basic set of managed objects for fault, configuration, and performance management of applications from a systems perspective. More specifically, the managed objects it defines are restricted to information that can be determined from the system itself and that does not require special instrumentation within the applications to make the information available.
The Application MIB [RFC2564] complements the System Application MIB, providing for the management of applications' common attributes, which could not typically be observed without the cooperation of the software being managed. There are attributes that provide information on application and communication performance.
The WWW MIB [RFC2594] describes a set of objects for managing networked services in the Internet Community, particularly World Wide Web (WWW) services. Performance attributes are available for the information about each WWW service, each type of request, each type of response, and top-accessed documents.
In the development of synthetic application-level probes, consideration should be given to the relationship of the application MIB modules to the measurements being performed through a synthetic application-level probe. Similar, cross-indexing issues arise within the context of the RMON monitoring and synthetic application-level active probes.
5.5. SNMPCONF
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The Configuration Management with SNMP (SNMPCONF) working group has created the informational RFC 3512 [RFC3512], which outlines the most effective methods for using the SNMP Framework to accomplish configuration management. This work includes recommendations for device-specific as well as network-wide (Policy) configuration. The group is also chartered to write any MIB modules necessary to facilitate configuration management. Specifically, they will write a MIB module that describes a network entity's capabilities and capacities, which can be used by management entities making policy decisions at a network level or device-specific level.
Currently, the SNMPCONF working group is focused on the SNMP Configuration MIB for policy [RFC4011]. It is conceivable that one would want to monitor the performance of newly configured policies as they are implemented within networks. This would require correlation of the implemented policy and a related performance monitoring policy that would specify synthetic probe definitions. For synthetic probes, there would be a need for a configuration of a) a single probe, b) several probes, c) source and destination probes, and d) intermediate probes. In addition, it may be necessary to configure any or all of these combinations simultaneously. It is hoped that the work of SNMPCONF will suffice. The scripting language defined by the SNMP Configuration MIB could allow for active monitoring to be activated and configured from a policy management script. Further, the results of active monitoring could become arguments in further policy decisions. This notion is reflected in the decision flow outlined in Figure 1 below.
5.6. RTFM
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The Realtime Traffic Flow Measurement (RTFM) working group is concerned with issues relating to traffic flow measurements and usage reporting for network traffic and Internet accounting. Various documents exist that describe requirements [RFC1272], traffic flow measurement architectures [RFC2722], and a traffic flow MIB [RFC2720]. The work in this group is focused on passive measurements of user traffic. As such, its work is related to the monitoring work within the RMON WG. Fundamentally, their attention has not been concerned with methods of active traffic generation.
5.7. Relationship to Other Work: Summary
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In summary, the development of an active traffic generation capability (primarily for the purpose of performance monitoring) should draw upon various activities, both past and present, within the IETF. Figure 1 shows the relationship of the various work activities briefly touched upon in this section.
Horizontally, across the top of the figure are overall control functions, which would coordinate the various aspects of the performance monitoring systems. Vertically at the bottom of the figure are the functions which comprise the minimum performance monitoring capability; i.e., traffic generation, monitoring and measurements, and data reduction. Traffic generation is addressed in this MIB module. Monitoring and measurement is addressed in the APM-MIB [RFC3729] and TPM-MIB [RFC4150] modules. Data reduction is not yet addressed within the IETF. But data reduction could include both spatial and temporal aggregations at different levels of reduction. This is indicated in the figure by the arrow labeled "Various levels and span".
+-----------------------------------+ | | V | +------------------------------------------+ | +------| Application [script], [expr], [snmpconf],|---+ | | | [apmmib] | | | | +------------------------------------------+ | | | | | | +--------------------------------+ | | | Synchronization Control | | | +--------------------------------+ | | | | | | V V V | +----------------+ +----------------------+ +-------------------+ | | Traffic | |Monitoring Metrics | |Data Reduction | | | Generation | |Control [rmon],[ippm],| |Control [applmib], | | | Control [sspm]| | [applmib] | |[wwwservmib],[expr]| | +----------------+ +----------------------+ +-------------------+ | | | | | | | | | V V V | +------------------+ +-------------------+ +----------------+ | |Traffic Generation| |Monitoring Metrics | |Data Reduction | | | Instrumentation| | Instrumentation | +-->| Instrumentation| | +------------------+ +-------------------+ | +----------------+ | | | | | | | Various levels | | | and span +--------------| | | | | | V | Reports ---+Figure 1: Coverage for an overall performance monitoring system
6. MIB Structure
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This section presents the structure of the MIB module. The objects are arranged into the following groups:
- general information
- source configuration
- sink configuration
6.1. General Information
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This section provides general information about the capabilities of the probe. Currently, this information is related to the resolution of the probe clock and its source.
6.2. Source Configuration
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The source is configured with a pair of tables. The first, sspmSourceProfileTable, defines a set of profiles for monitoring. These profiles are then used by the second table, sspmSourceControlTable, to instantiate a specific measurement. This MIB module takes an IP-centric view of the configuration of the measurement.
6.3. Sink Configuration
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Configures the sink for measurements. If the test is round-trip, then this table is on the same probe as the source configuration. If the test is one-way, then the table is on a different probe. The sspmSinkInstance is a unique identifier for the entry per probe. Additional attributes are provided for test type and test source to identify entries in the table uniquely.
7. Definitions
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SSPM-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, Counter32, Integer32, Unsigned32 FROM SNMPv2-SMI --[RFC2578] TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, StorageType, TruthValue, RowStatus FROM SNMPv2-TC --[RFC2579] MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF --[RFC2578, -- RFC2579, -- RFC2580] OwnerString, rmon FROM RMON-MIB --[RFC2819]-
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InetAddressType, InetAddress
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FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB --[RFC3291]
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InterfaceIndexOrZero
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FROM IF-MIB --[RFC2863]
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AppLocalIndex
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FROM APM-MIB --[RFC3729]
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Utf8String
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FROM SYSAPPL-MIB; --[RFC2287]
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sspmMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
LAST-UPDATED "200507280000Z" -- July 28, 2005 ORGANIZATION "IETF RMON MIB working group" CONTACT-INFO " Carl W. Kalbfleisch Consultant E-mail: [email protected] Working group mailing list: [email protected] To subscribe send email to [email protected]" DESCRIPTION "This SSPM MIB module is applicable to probes implementing Synthetic Source for Performance Monitoring functions.-
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Copyright © The Internet Society (2005). This version of this MIB module is part of RFC 4149; see the RFC itself for full legal notices."
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-- revision history REVISION "200507280000Z" -- July 28, 2005 DESCRIPTION "The original version of this MIB module, was published as RFC4149." ::= { rmon 28 } -- -- Object Identifier Assignments -- sspmMIBObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIB 1 } sspmMIBNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIB 2 } sspmMIBConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIB 3 } -- -- Textual Conventions --SspmMicroSeconds ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d" STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A unit of time with resolution of MicroSeconds." SYNTAX Unsigned32SspmClockSource ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
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DISPLAY-HINT "d"
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
0 unspecified 1 primary reference (e.g., calibrated atomic clock, radio clock) 2-255 secondary reference (via NTP)." REFERENCE "RFC1305." SYNTAX Integer32 (0..255)SspmClockMaxSkew ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
DISPLAY-HINT "d" STATUS current -- UNITS "Seconds" DESCRIPTION "An indication of the accuracy of the clock as defined by RFC1305. This variable indicates the maximum offset error due to skew of the local clock over the time interval 86400 seconds, in seconds." REFERENCE "RFC1305." SYNTAX Integer32 (1..65535) -- -- sspmGeneral -- sspmGeneral OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIBObjects 1 } sspmGeneralClockResolution OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SspmMicroSeconds MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current -- UNITS Microseconds DESCRIPTION "A read-only variable indicating the resolution of the measurements possible by this device." ::= { sspmGeneral 1 }sspmGeneralClockMaxSkew OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmClockMaxSkew MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current -- UNITS Seconds DESCRIPTION "A read-only variable indicating the maximum offset error due to skew of the local clock over the time interval 86400 seconds, in seconds." ::= { sspmGeneral 2 }sspmGeneralClockSource OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmClockSource MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A read-only variable indicating the source of the clock. This is provided to allow a user to determine how accurate the timing mechanism is compared with other devices. This is needed for the coordination of time values between probes for one-way measurements." ::= { sspmGeneral 3 }sspmGeneralMinFrequency OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmMicroSeconds MAX-ACCESS read-only -- units MicroSeconds STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A read-only variable that indicates the devices' capability for the minimum supported sspmSourceFrequency. If sspmSourceFrequency is set to a value lower than the value reported by this attribute, then the set of sspmSourceFrequency will fail with an inconsistent value error." ::= { sspmGeneral 4 } -- -- sspmCapabilities -- -- Describes the capabilities of the SSPM device. -- sspmCapabilitiesTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF SspmCapabilitiesEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The table of SSPM capabilities." ::= { sspmGeneral 5 }sspmCapabilitiesEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmCapabilitiesEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Details about a particular SSPM capability." INDEX { sspmCapabilitiesInstance } ::= { sspmCapabilitiesTable 1 }SspmCapabilitiesEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
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sspmCapabilitiesInstance AppLocalIndex
}
sspmCapabilitiesInstance OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX AppLocalIndex MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Indicates whether SSPM configuration of the corresponding AppLocalIndex is supported by this device. Generally, entries in this table are only made by the device when the configuration of the measurement is available." ::= { sspmCapabilitiesEntry 1 } -- -- sspmSource -- -- Contains the details of the source of the -- Synthetic Sources for Performance Monitoring algorithms. -- This information is split into two tables. The first defines -- profiles that can be applied to specific sources in the -- control table. -- sspmSource OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIBObjects 2 } -- -- sspmSourceProfileTable -- Defines template profiles for measurements.--
sspmSourceProfileTable OBJECT-TYPESYNTAX SEQUENCE OF SspmSourceProfileEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The table of SSPM Source Profiles configured." ::= { sspmSource 1 }sspmSourceProfileEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmSourceProfileEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Details about a particular SSPM Source Profile configuration. Entries must exist in this table in order to be referenced by rows in the sspmSourceControlTable." INDEX { sspmSourceProfileInstance } ::= { sspmSourceProfileTable 1 } SspmSourceProfileEntry ::= SEQUENCE { sspmSourceProfileInstance Unsigned32, sspmSourceProfileType AppLocalIndex, sspmSourceProfilePacketSize Unsigned32, sspmSourceProfilePacketFillType INTEGER, sspmSourceProfilePacketFillValue OCTET STRING, sspmSourceProfileTOS Integer32, sspmSourceProfileFlowLabel Integer32, sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteFill OCTET STRING, sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteLen Integer32, sspmSourceProfileTTL Integer32, sspmSourceProfileNoFrag TruthValue, sspmSourceProfile8021Tagging Integer32, sspmSourceProfileUsername Utf8String, sspmSourceProfilePassword Utf8String, sspmSourceProfileParameter OCTET STRING, sspmSourceProfileOwner OwnerString, sspmSourceProfileStorageType StorageType, sspmSourceProfileStatus RowStatus }sspmSourceProfileInstance OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An arbitrary index." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 1 }sspmSourceProfileType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX AppLocalIndex MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The AppLocalIndex value that uniquely identifies the measurement per the APM-MIB. In order to create a row in this table, there must be a corresponding row in the sspmCapabilitiesTable. When attempting to set this object, if no corresponding row exists in the sspmCapabilitiesTable, then the agent should return a 'badValue' error." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 2}sspmSourceProfilePacketSize OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The size of packet to be transmitted in bytes. The size accounts for all data within the IPv4 or IPv6 payloads, excluding the IP headers, IP header options and link-level protocol headers. If the size is set smaller than the minimum allowed packet size or greater than the maximum allowed packet size, then the set should fail, and the agent should return a 'badValue' error." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 3 }sspmSourceProfilePacketFillType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { random (1), pattern (2), url(3) } MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Indicates how the packet is filled. -
'random' indicates that the packet contains random
data patterns. This is probe and implementation
dependent.
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'pattern' indicates that the pattern defined in the sspmSourceProfilePacketFillValue attribute is used to fill the packet.
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'url' indicates that the value of sspmSourceProfilePacketFillValue should contain a URL. The contents of the document at that URL are retrieved when sspmSourceStatus becomes active and utilized in the packet. If the attempt to access that URL fails, then the row status is set to 'notReady', and the set should fail with 'inconsistentValue'. This value must contain a dereferencable URL of the type 'http:', 'https:', or 'ftp:' only." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 4 }sspmSourceProfilePacketFillValue OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(0..255)) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The string value with which to fill the packet. If sspmSourceProfilePacketFillType is set to 'pattern', then this pattern is repeated until the packet is sspmSourcePacketSize in bytes. Note that if the length of the octet string specified for this value does not divide evenly into the packet size, then an incomplete last copy of this data may be copied into the packet. If the value of sspmSourceProfilePacketFillType is set to 'random', then this attribute is unused. If the value of the sspmSourceProfilePacketFillType is set to 'url', then the URL specified in this attribute is retrieved and used by the probe. In the case of a URL, this value must contain a dereferencable URL of the type 'http:', 'https:', or 'ftp:' only." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 5 }sspmSourceProfileTOS OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..255) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Represents the TOS field in the IP packet header. The value of this object defaults to zero if not set." DEFVAL { 0 } ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 6 }sspmSourceProfileFlowLabel OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (0..1048575) -- 20-bit range (0 to 0xfffff) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This object is used to specify the Flow Label in a IPv6 packet (RFC 2460) to force special handling by the IPv6 routers; e.g., non-default quality-of-service handling. This object is meaningful only when the object sspmSourceDestAddressType is IPv6(2). The value of this object defaults to zero if not set." DEFVAL { 0 } ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 7 }sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteFill OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(0..240)) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "In the event that the test should run over a specific route, the intent is to force the route using the Loose Source Route option in IPv4 [RFC791] and IPv6 [RFC2460]. This object contains a series of IP addresses along the path that would be put into the loose source route option in the IP header. The IPv4 addresses are to be listed as 32-bit address values, and the IPv6 addresses are to be listed as a string of 128-bit addresses. The maximum length allowed within the IPv4 source route option is 63 addresses. To simply account for IPv6 addresses as well, the maximum length of the octet string is 240. This allows up to 60 IPv4 addresses or up to 15 IPv6 addresses in the string." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 8 }sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteLen OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32(0..240) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "In the event that the test should run over a specific route, the intent is to force the route. This attribute specifies the length of data to be copied from the sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteFill into the route data fields of the loose source route options in the IPv4 or IPv6 headers." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 9 }sspmSourceProfileTTL OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32(1..255) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "If non-zero, this specifies the value to place into the TTL field on transmission." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 10 }sspmSourceProfileNoFrag OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "When true, the 'Don't Fragment Bit' should be set on the packet header." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 11 }sspmSourceProfile8021Tagging OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (-1..65535) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "IEEE 802.1Q tagging used in IEEE 802.1D bridged environments. -
A value of -1 indicates that the packets are untagged.
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A value of 0 to 65535 is the value of the tag to be inserted in the tagged packets.
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Note that according to IEEE 802.1Q, VLAN-ID tags with a value of 4095 shall not be transmitted on the wire. As the VLAN-ID is encoded in the 12 least significant bits on the tag, values that translate in a binary representation of all 1's in the last 12 bits SHALL NOT be configured. In this case, the set should fail, and return an error-status of 'inconsistentValue'." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 12 }sspmSourceProfileUsername OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Utf8String MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An optional username used by the application protocol." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 13 }sspmSourceProfilePassword OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Utf8String MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An optional password used by the application protocol." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 14 }sspmSourceProfileParameter OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE(0..65535)) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An optional parameter used by the application protocol. For DNS, this would be the hostname or IP. For HTTP, this would be the URL. For nntp, this would be the news group. For TCP, this would be the port number. For SMTP, this would be the recipient (and could assume the message is predefined)." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 15 }sspmSourceProfileOwner OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OwnerString MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Name of the management station/application that set up the profile." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 16 }sspmSourceProfileStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The storage type of this sspmSourceProfileEntry. If the value of this object is 'permanent', no objects in this row need to be writable." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 17 }sspmSourceProfileStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION-
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"Status of this profile.
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An entry may not exist in the active state unless all
objects in the entry have an appropriate value.
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Once this object is set to active(1), no objects in the sspmSourceProfileTable can be changed." ::= { sspmSourceProfileEntry 18 } -- -- sspmSourceControlTable -- Defines specific measurement instances based on template -- profiles in the sspmSourceProfileTable which must be -- pre-configured. --sspmSourceControlTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF SspmSourceControlEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The table of SSPM measurements configured." ::= { sspmSource 2 }sspmSourceControlEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmSourceControlEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Details about a particular SSPM configuration." INDEX { sspmSourceControlInstance } ::= { sspmSourceControlTable 1 }SspmSourceControlEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
sspmSourceControlInstance Unsigned32, sspmSourceControlProfile Integer32, sspmSourceControlSrc InterfaceIndexOrZero, sspmSourceControlDestAddrType InetAddressType, sspmSourceControlDestAddr InetAddress, sspmSourceControlEnabled TruthValue, sspmSourceControlTimeOut SspmMicroSeconds, sspmSourceControlSamplingDist INTEGER, sspmSourceControlFrequency SspmMicroSeconds, sspmSourceControlFirstSeqNum Unsigned32, sspmSourceControlLastSeqNum Unsigned32, sspmSourceControlOwner OwnerString, sspmSourceControlStorageType StorageType, sspmSourceControlStatus RowStatus }sspmSourceControlInstance OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An arbitrary index." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 1 }sspmSourceControlProfile OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Integer32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A pointer to the profile (sspmSourceProfileEntry) that this control entry uses to define the test being performed." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 2 }sspmSourceControlSrc OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InterfaceIndexOrZero MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The ifIndex where the packet should originate from the probe (if it matters). A value of zero indicates that it does not matter and that the device decides." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 3 }sspmSourceControlDestAddrType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The type of Internet address by which the destination is accessed." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 4 }sspmSourceControlDestAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The Internet address for the destination. The formatting of this object is controlled by the sspmSourceControlDestAddrType object above. When this object contains a DNS name, then the name is resolved to an address each time measurement is to be made. Further, the agent should not cache this address, but instead should perform the resolution prior to each measurement." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 5 }sspmSourceControlEnabled OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "When set to 'true', this test is enabled. When set to 'false', it is disabled." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 6 }sspmSourceControlTimeOut OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmMicroSeconds MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Timeout value for the measurement response. If no response is received in the time specified, then the test fails." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 7 }sspmSourceControlSamplingDist OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER { deterministic(1), poisson(2) } MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "When this attribute is set to 'deterministic', then packets are generated at with a fixed inter-packet injection time specified by sspmSourceFrequency. When this attribute is set to 'Poisson', then packets are generated with inter-packet injection times sampled from an exponential distribution with the single distributional parameter determined by the inverse frequency)." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 8 }sspmSourceControlFrequency OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmMicroSeconds MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The inverse of this value is the rate at which packets are generated. Refer to sspmSourceSamplingDistribution. If the value set is less than the value of sspmGeneralMinFrequency, then the set will fail with an error-status of 'inconsistentValue'." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 9 }sspmSourceControlFirstSeqNum OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The first sequence number of packets to be transmitted." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 10 }sspmSourceControlLastSeqNum OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The last sequence number transmitted. This value is updated by the agent after packet generation." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 11 }sspmSourceControlOwner OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OwnerString MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Name of the management station/application that set up the test." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 12 }sspmSourceControlStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The storage type of this sspmSourceControlEntry. If the value of this object is 'permanent', no objects in this row need to be writable." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 13 }sspmSourceControlStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Status of this source control entry.
An entry may not exist in the active state unless all
objects in the entry have an appropriate value.
-
When this attribute has the value of 'active', none of the read-write or read-create attributes in this table may be modified, with the exception of sspmSourceControlEnabled." ::= { sspmSourceControlEntry 14 } -- -- sspmSinkTable -- -- Contains attributes for configuration of Synthetic -- Sources for Performance Monitoring sinks, i.e., -- sinks for receipt of one-way delay measurements. -- sspmSink OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIBObjects 5 }sspmSinkTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF SspmSinkEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A table configuring the sink for measurements." ::= { sspmSink 1 }sspmSinkEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmSinkEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The details of a particular sink entry. If the measurement is a round-trip type, then the sink entry will be on the same probe as the corresponding sspmSourceEntry. If the measurement is a one-way, type then the sink entry will be on a different probe." INDEX { sspmSinkInstance } ::= { sspmSinkTable 1}SspmSinkEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
sspmSinkInstance Unsigned32, sspmSinkType AppLocalIndex, sspmSinkSourceAddressType InetAddressType, sspmSinkSourceAddress InetAddress, sspmSinkExpectedRate SspmMicroSeconds, sspmSinkEnable TruthValue, sspmSinkExpectedFirstSequenceNum Unsigned32, sspmSinkLastSequenceNumber Unsigned32, sspmSinkLastSequenceInvalid Counter32, sspmSinkStorageType StorageType, sspmSinkStatus RowStatus }sspmSinkInstance OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An index. When the measurement is for a round-trip measurement, then this table entry is on the same probe as the corresponding sspmSourceEntry, and the value of this attribute should correspond to the value of sspmSourceInstance. Management applications configuring sinks for one-way measurements could define some scheme whereby the sspmSinkInstance is unique across all probes. Note that the unique key to this entry is also constructed with sspmSinkType, sspmSinkSourceAddressType, and sspmSinkSourceAddress. To make the implementation simpler, those other attributes are not included in the index but uniqueness is still needed to receive all the packets." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 1 }sspmSinkType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX AppLocalIndex MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The AppLocalIndex value that uniquely identifies the measurement per the APM-MIB. In order to create a row in this table, there must be a corresponding row in the sspmCapabilitiesTable. If there is no corresponding row in the sspmCapabilitiestable, then the agent will return an error-status of 'inconsistentValue'." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 2}sspmSinkSourceAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The type of Internet address of the source." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 3 }sspmSinkSourceAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The Internet address of the source. The formatting of this object is controlled by the sspmSinkSourceAddressType object above. This object should be set only to a valid device address that has been administratively configured into the device. If a set attempts to set this object to an address that does not belong (i.e., is not administratively configured into the device), the set should fail, and the agent should return a error-status of 'inconsistentValue'." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 4 }sspmSinkExpectedRate OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SspmMicroSeconds MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The expected rate at which packets will arrive." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 5 }sspmSinkEnable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Indicates if the sink is enabled or not." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 6 }sspmSinkExpectedFirstSequenceNum OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The expected first sequence number of packets. This is used by the sink to determine if packets were lost at the initiation of the test." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 7 }sspmSinkLastSequenceNumber OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The last sequence number received." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 8 }sspmSinkLastSequenceInvalid OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Counter32 MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The number of packets that arrived whose sequence number was not one plus the value of sspmSinkLastSequenceNumber." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 9 }sspmSinkStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The storage type of this sspmSinkEntry. If the value of this object is 'permanent', no objects in this row need to be writable." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 10 }sspmSinkStatus OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Status of this conceptual row. An entry may not exist in the active state unless all objects in the entry have an appropriate value. Once this object is set to active(1), no objects with MAX-ACCESS of read-create in the sspmSinkTable can be changed." ::= { sspmSinkEntry 11 } -- -- Notifications -- -- -- Conformance information -- sspmCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIBConformance 1 } sspmGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { sspmMIBConformance 2 } -- Compliance Statements sspmGeneralCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A general compliance that allows all things to be optional." MODULE -- this module-
MANDATORY-GROUPS { sspmGeneralGroup }
GROUP sspmSourceGroup
DESCRIPTION"The SSPM Source Group is optional."
GROUP sspmSinkGroup
DESCRIPTION"The SSPM Sink Group is optional."
GROUP sspmUserPassGroup
DESCRIPTION"The SSPM User Pass Group is optional."
::= { sspmCompliances 1 } -- -- SSPM Source Compliance -- sspmSourceFullCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A source compliance. Use this compliance when implementing a traffic-source-only device. This is useful for implementing devices that probe other devices for intrusive application monitoring. It is also useful for implementing the source of one-way tests used with a sink-only device." MODULE -- this module MANDATORY-GROUPS { sspmGeneralGroup, sspmSourceGroup } GROUP sspmUserPassGroup DESCRIPTION "The SSPM User Pass Group is optional." ::= { sspmCompliances 2 } -- -- SSPM Sink Compliance -- sspmSinkFullCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A sink-only compliance. Use this compliance when implementing a sink-only device. This is useful for devices to receive one-way measurements." MODULE -- this module MANDATORY-GROUPS { sspmGeneralGroup, sspmSinkGroup } ::= { sspmCompliances 3 } -- -- Groups -- sspmGeneralGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { sspmGeneralClockResolution, sspmGeneralClockMaxSkew, sspmGeneralClockSource, sspmGeneralMinFrequency, sspmCapabilitiesInstance } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The objects in the SSPM General Group." ::= { sspmGroups 1 }sspmSourceGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { sspmSourceProfileType, sspmSourceProfilePacketSize, sspmSourceProfilePacketFillType, sspmSourceProfilePacketFillValue, sspmSourceProfileTOS, sspmSourceProfileFlowLabel, sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteFill, sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteLen, sspmSourceProfileTTL, sspmSourceProfileNoFrag, sspmSourceProfile8021Tagging, sspmSourceProfileUsername, sspmSourceProfilePassword, sspmSourceProfileParameter, sspmSourceProfileOwner, sspmSourceProfileStorageType, sspmSourceProfileStatus, sspmSourceControlProfile, sspmSourceControlSrc, sspmSourceControlDestAddrType, sspmSourceControlDestAddr, sspmSourceControlEnabled, sspmSourceControlTimeOut, sspmSourceControlSamplingDist, sspmSourceControlFrequency, sspmSourceControlFirstSeqNum, sspmSourceControlLastSeqNum, sspmSourceControlOwner, sspmSourceControlStorageType, sspmSourceControlStatus } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The objects in the SSPM Source Group." ::= { sspmGroups 2 }sspmUserPassGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { sspmSourceProfileUsername, sspmSourceProfilePassword } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The objects in the SSPM Username and password group." ::= { sspmGroups 3 }sspmSinkGroup OBJECT-GROUP
OBJECTS { sspmSinkType, sspmSinkSourceAddressType, sspmSinkSourceAddress, sspmSinkExpectedRate, sspmSinkEnable, sspmSinkExpectedFirstSequenceNum, sspmSinkLastSequenceNumber, sspmSinkLastSequenceInvalid, sspmSinkStorageType, sspmSinkStatus } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The objects in the SSPM Sink Group." ::= { sspmGroups 4 } END
8. Security Considerations
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This MIB module defines objects that allow packets to be injected into the network for the purpose of measuring some performance characteristics. As such, the MIB module may contain sensitive network and application data; e.g., user IDs and passwords. Further, if security is compromised, this MIB module could provide a source for denial-of-service, and potential other, attacks. These issues will be addressed within this section.
There are a number of management objects defined in this MIB module that have a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read-create. Such objects may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. The support for SET operations in a non-secure environment without proper protection can have a negative effect on network operations. These are the tables and objects and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
- The sspmSourceProfileTable contains objects that configure link- level, IP, and application-level data used within test suites. These objects with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read- create are:
-
- sspmSourcePacketSize - configures the overall size of the test packets,
- sspmSourceProfileTOS - sets the TOS field in the IPv4 and IPv6 headers,
- sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteFill and sspmSourceProfileLooseSrcRteLen - give a list of IPv4 or IPv6 addresses for the loose source route options in the IP headers,
- sspmSourceProfileFlowLabel - sets the Flow Label in the IPv6 header,
- sspmSourceProfileTTL - sets the TTL field in the packet headers,
- sspmSourceProfileNoFrag - sets the No Fragment bit in the packet headers,
- sspmSourceProfile8021Tagging - sets the Tag field in the 802.1 headers, and
- sspmSourceProfileUsername and sspmSourceProfilePassword - these hold the ID and passwords specific to an application test profile.,
- The sspmSourceControlTable contains objects that configure IP and application-level data used within a given test. These objects with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read- create are:
-
- sspmSourceControlSrc - controls the source IP address used on the test packets,
- sspmSourceControlDestAddr - holds the destination address for the specific test packet,
- sspmSourceControlTimeout, sspmSourceControlSamplingDist, and sspmSourceControlFrequency - control the nature and frequency of the test packet injection onto the network, and
- sspmSourceControlFirstSeqNum and sspmSourceControlLastSeqNum - set the first and last sequence numbers for the specific test.
- The sspmSinkTable contains objects that configure the recipient of the test packets. As such, the objects in this table have no security issues related to them.
Some attributes configure username and password information for some application-level protocols as indicated above. Access to these attributes may provide unauthorized use of resources. These attributes are: sspmSourceProfileUsername and sspmSourceProfilePassword.
Some attributes configure the size and rate of traffic flows for the purpose of performance measurements. Access to these attributes may exacerbate the use of this MIB module in denial-of-service attacks. It is possible to define a maximum packet rate on the device and to indicate this rate through the sspmSourceFrequency object. This object reflects the maximum acceptable packet rate that a device supporting this MIB module is willing to generate. This places a bound on setting the test packet rate through the sspmSourceControlFrequency object. Other objects that control aspects of the test packets related to packet size and rate are sspmSourceControlTimeOut, sspmSourceControlSamplingDist and sspmSourceControlFrequency.
The objects sspmSourceControlSrc, sspmSourceControlDestAddr, sspmSourceControlLooseSrcRteFill, and sspmSourceControlLooseSrcRteLen control the setting of the source and destination addresses on the packet headers and the routing of the packets. The device should not allow the setting of source addresses on the test packets other than those that are administratively configured onto the device. This is controlled by using the syntax InterfaceIndexOrZero for the control of the source address through the sspmSourceControlSrc object.
It is thus important to control even GET access to these objects and possibly to even encrypt the values of these object when sending them over the network via SNMP. Not all versions of SNMP provide features for such a secure environment.
SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security. Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPSec), even then, there is no control as to who on the secure network is allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects in this MIB module.
It is RECOMMENDED that implementers consider the security features as provided by the SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410], section 8), including full support for the SNMPv3 cryptographic mechanisms (for authentication and privacy).
Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT RECOMMENDED. Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to enable cryptographic security. It is then a customer/operator responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.
9. Acknowledgements
-
This document was produced by the IETF Remote Network Monitoring Working Group. The editors gratefully acknowledge the comments of the following individuals: Andy Bierman, Lester D'Souza, Jim McQuaid, and Steven Waldbusser.
10. Normative References
-
[RFC791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981. [RFC1305] Mills, D., "Network Time Protocol (Version 3) Specification, Implementation and Analysis", RFC 1305, March 1992. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC2287] Krupczak, C. and J. Saperia, "Definitions of System-Level Managed Objects for Applications", RFC 2287, February 1998. [RFC2460] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998. [RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999. [RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999. [RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, April 1999. [RFC2680] Almes, G., Kalidindi, S., and M. Zekauskas, "A One-Way Packet Loss Metric for IPPM" RFC 2680, September 1999. [RFC2863] McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group MIB", RFC 2863, June 2000. [RFC3291] Daniele, M., Haberman, B., Routhier, S., and J. Schoenwaelder, "Textual Conventions for Internet Network Addresses ", RFC 3291, May 2002. [RFC3393] Demichelis, C. and P. Chimento, "IP Packet Delay Variation Metric for IP Performance Metrics (IPPM)", RFC 3393, November 2002. [RFC3432] Raisanen, V., Grotefeld, G., and A. Morton, "Network Performance Measurement with Periodic Streams", RFC 3432, November 2002. [RFC3577] Waldbusser, S., Cole, R.G., Kalbfleisch, C., and D. Romascanu, "Introduction to the Remote Monitoring (RMON) Family of MIB Modules", RFC 3577, August 2003. [RFC3729] Waldbusser, S., "Application Performance Measurement MIB", RFC 3729, March 2004. [RFC4150] Dietz, R. and R. Cole, "Transport Performance Metrics MIB", RFC 4150, August 2005.
11. Informative References
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[RFC1272] Mills, C., Hirsch, G., and G. Ruth, "Internet Accounting Background", RFC 1272, November 1991. [RFC2021] Waldbusser, S., "Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base Version 2 using SMIv2", RFC 2021, January 1997. [RFC2722] Browlee, N., Mills, C., and G. Ruth, "Traffic Flow Measurement: Architecture", RFC 2722, October 1999. [RFC2720] Brownlee, N. "Traffic Flow Measurement: Meter MIB", RFC 2720, October 1999. [RFC2330] Paxson, V., Almes, G., Mahdavi, J., and M. Mathis, "Framework for IP Performance Metrics", RFC 2330, May 1998. [RFC2564] Kalbfleisch, C., Krupczak, C., Presuhn, R., and J. Saperia, "Application Management MIB", RFC 2564, May 1999. [RFC2594] Hazewinkel, H., Kalbfleisch, C., and J. Schoenwaelder, "Definitions of Managed Objects for WWW Services", RFC 2594, May 1999. [RFC3165] Levi, D. and J. Schoenwaelder, "Definitions of Managed Objects for the Delegation of Management Scripts", RFC 3165, August 2001. [RFC2678] Mahdavi, J. and V. Paxson, "IPPM metrics for Measuring Connectivity", RFC 2678, September 1999. [RFC2679] Almes, G., Kalidindi, S., and M. Zekauskas, "A One-way Delay Metric for IPPM", RFC 2679, September 1999. [RFC2681] Almes, G., Kalidindi, S., and M. Zekauskas, "A Round-Trip Delay Metric for IPPM", RFC 2681, September 1999. [RFC2819] Waldbusser, S., "Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base", STD 59, RFC 2819, February 1995. [RFC2925] White, K., "Definitions of Managed Objects for Remote Ping, Traceroute, and Lookup Operations", RFC 2925, September 2000. [RFC2982] Kavasseri, R., "Distributed Management Expression MIB", RFC 2982, October 2000. [RFC3410] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart, "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet- Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410, December 2002. [RFC3512] MacFaden, M., Partain, D., Saperia, J., and W. Tackabury, "Configuring Networks and Devices with Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 3512, April 2003. [EBT] Mathis, M. and M. Allman, "Empirical Bulk Transfer Capacity", Work in Progress, October 1999. [ODP] Shalunov, S., Teitelbaum, B., and M. Zekauskas, "A One- Way Delay Protocol for IP Performance Measurements", Work in Progress, December 2000. [RFC4011] Waldbusser, S., Saperia, J., and T. Hongal, "Policy Based Management MIB", RFC 4011, March 2005. [TBT] Mathis, M., "TReno Bulk transfer Capacity", Work in Progress, February 1999.
Authors' Addresses
-
Carl W. Kalbfleisch
ConsultantEMail:
[email protected]
Robert G. Cole
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
MP2-170
11100 Johns Hopkins Road
Laurel, MD 20723-6099
USATel: +1 443-778-6951 EMail: [email protected]
Dan Romascanu
Avaya
Atidim Technology Park, Bldg. #3
Tel Aviv, 61131
IsraelTel: +972-3-645-8414 EMail: [email protected]
Full Copyright Statement
-
Copyright © The Internet Society (2005).
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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Acknowledgement
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Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society.